Do Vaccines Provide Even Better Protection From A Future Infection Than A Previous Case Of Covid
Yes.
The vaccines do a better job of providing better protection, Campbell said.
Thats because the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 is very good at camouflaging itself until it finds the opportunity to infect cells, Campbell said.
The virus has developed ways to keep key parts of itself protected from the immune system so the immune system doesnt see it. Its kind of stealth in that way, Campbell said.
Imagine that your hand is the spike protein. If you clench your hand into a fist, you cant see whats inside the fist. If you open it up, then you can see inside. The spike protein keeps itself closed up and hides the receptors until its ready to infect the cell. Theres not much time for the immune system to see the spike protein when its in the open state, Campbell said.
The vaccine works by opening up the part of the spike protein that normally remains hidden.
What the vaccines do is present the spike protein so its frozen in that open state. Its called pre-fusion complex. All three of these vaccines do that. Thats a key difference between what the vaccine does and natural immunity, Campbell said.
So, people who have had COVID-19 have some natural immunity, whereas people who have gotten vaccines have higher levels of antibodies that can more easily find and incapacitate the virus.
Side Effects A Result Of Revved Up Immune System
Most common vaccine side effects in older adults
Data collected from the vaccine clinical trials
Side effects in adults 65+ after Moderna vaccine
Nausea/vomiting and fever were also reported.
Side effects in adults > 55 after Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine
Fever , diarrhea and vomiting were also reported.
Side effects in adults 60+ after Johnson & Johnson vaccine
Natural Immunity And Disease Prevention
Vaccines help your immune system get ready to protect against a disease without making you sick.
You may become naturally immune after being exposed to a disease. However, the risks of severe complications or even death are much greater than the risks of a severe reaction after getting a vaccine.
For example, if your child gets meningitis naturally, they have a 1 in 10 chance of dying. Those that survive have a 1 in 5 chance of:
- deafness
- loss of limbs
- brain damage
An infected person can also spread the disease to others in the community before they show symptoms. Groups at risk include:
- older adults
- those with underlying health conditions
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Side Effects Of Covid Booster Diarrhea
Side Effects Of Covid Booster Diarrhea. The novel coronavirus isnt a simple disease you just get through in a weekend. Most side effects show within a day or two after being vaccinated.
You may also get a high temperature or feel hot or shivery 1 or 2 days after your vaccination. Most side effects show within a day or two after being vaccinated. Among all vaccine recipients, 66.6% reported at least one systemic reaction in the 7 days after vaccination.
Source: www.usatoday.com
The frequency and severity of systemic adverse events was higher after dose 2 than dose 1. Do not rub or massage the injection site.
Source: www.hookem.com
Fatigue, headache, chills, and new or. Most of the time, infections, travelers diarrhea, or some side effects of medications may be responsible for acute diarrhea.
Source: news.yahoo.com
The side effects of covid booster dose include fatigue, lymphadenopathy, nausea, and headache. Do not rub or massage the injection site.
Source: www.yahoo.com
Intestine chip enables effective in vitro study of coronavirus infections of the human gut and testing of potential treatments. Now when you get sick, the same thing happens and actually a lot of the symptoms from illnesses that we get like influenza and.
Source: www.yahoo.comSource: timesofindia.indiatimes.com
The side effects of covid booster dose include fatigue, lymphadenopathy, nausea, and headache. Booster side effects and details.
Source: www.deseret.comSource: www.12newsnow.com
Very Common Side Effects
For a full list of ingredients, read the patient information leaflet for the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine .
The Moderna COVID-19 vaccine is only used in adults aged 30 and over in Ireland.
If you are under 30 and had the Moderna vaccine, you should get the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine for any other doses you need.
Moderna is not recommended if you have had a severe allergic reaction to:
- any of the ingredients in this vaccine – including polyethylene glycol or PEG
- Trometamol – an ingredient in contrast dyes used for MRI scans
You should also not get this vaccine if you:
- have been told by a doctor that you should not get this vaccine or the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine – they are both mRNA vaccines
- had myocarditis after a previous dose of this vaccine or the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine
Talk to your doctor before getting this vaccine if you:
- have had a severe allergic reaction in the past, including to any other vaccine or medication
- had pericarditis after a previous dose of this vaccine or the Pfizer/BioNtech COVID-19 vaccine
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Myocarditis And The Covid
Since April 2021, some people have developed myocarditis and pericarditis after receiving the Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna coronavirus vaccines in the United States, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . The problem occurs more often in adolescents and young adults, and in males.
Considering the hundreds of millions of COVID-19 vaccine doses that have been administered, these reports are very rare. The vast majority of myocarditis or pericarditis cases are mild and resolve quickly. Myocarditis is more likely to occur as a result of COVID-19 infection than as a side effect of the vaccines.
Seek medical attention right away if, within a few days of receiving the second injection of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccination , you or your child experience:
- Chest pain
- Feelings of having a fast-beating, fluttering or pounding heartbeat
COVID can cause heart problems, too
Having COVID-19 can also cause heart problems. One study published by the CDC reports that from March 2020 to January 2021, patients with COVID-19 had nearly 16 times the risk for myocarditis compared with patients who did not have COVID-19.
Period Problems And Unexpected Vaginal Bleeding
Some women have reported temporary changes in their periods after receiving the coronavirus vaccine. Some women have reported heavier bleeding than usual, delayed periods or unexpected vaginal bleeding. The MHRA and other experts are closely monitoring and evaluating these reports. Longer term follow-up is ongoing in the UK and elsewhere to better understand this reaction.
Current evidence suggests there is no link between period problems or unexpected vaginal bleeding and coronavirus vaccines. The number of reports is relatively low given the number of women who have taken the vaccine and how common period problems are generally. The menstrual changes reported usually do not last long. Whilst uncomfortable or distressing, period problems are extremely common and stressful life events can disrupt with your periods. Changes to the menstrual cycle have also been reported following infection with coronavirus and in women affected by long-COVID.
If you have changes to your periods that are unusual for you, persist over time, or you have any new vaginal bleeding after the menopause, following coronavirus vaccination, please speak to your GP.
As with all vaccines, you can report suspected side effects through the Yellow Card website.
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Table 7 Local Reactions In Persons Aged 511 Years Pfizer
| Dose 1 | |
|---|---|
| 1096 | 237 |
aMild: > 2.0 to 5.0 cm moderate: > 5.0 to 10.0 cm severe: > 10.0 cm Grade 4: necrosis or exfoliative dermatitis .
bMild: does not interfere with activity moderate: interferes with activity severe: prevents daily activity Grade 4: emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe pain at the injection site.
Injection Site Pain Headache Fatigue Are Most Common
Here’s some good news: A key finding from clinical trial data and from the first few months of vaccine rollout is that older adults have fewer side effects from a COVID-19 vaccine compared to younger populations.
“If there’s a little bit of a silver lining to this cloud, it’s that we who have gray hair are less likely to experience these reactions, says William Schaffner, an infectious disease expert and professor of preventive medicine and health policy at Vanderbilt University.
The likely reason has to do with a declining immune response that comes with age, experts say. However, a lack of reaction or a diminished one doesn’t mean the body isn’t building protection against COVID-19. Large-scale clinical trials and real-world data show that the three federally authorized vaccines from Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech and Johnson & Johnson are highly effective at preventing severe illness from a coronavirus infection across all age groups. So these are very strong vaccines, Schaffner says.
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Some But Not All Report Mild
by Rachel Nania, AARP, April 26, 2021
En español | The majority of Americans 65 and older have been fully vaccinated against the coronavirus, but still nearly 20 percent have yet to get their first dose. Some plan to, some have no plans to and some are on the fence, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor project.
In fact, a significant share of adults ages 50-plus said in late March that they want to wait and see how the vaccines are working in others before they roll up their sleeves for the shot and concern over potential side effects is a major reason for their delay, according to KFF’s polling. A new AARP survey revealed a similar trend: It found that 59 percent of adults ages 50 and older who are somewhat or very unlikely to get a COVID-19 vaccine are concerned about the vaccine’s side effects.
Experts say one way to help alleviate anxiety over vaccine side effects is to set expectations from the start. Here’s what older adults can anticipate, based on the data collected so far.
Blood Clots And The Johnson & Johnson Vaccine
In April 2021, the FDA and the CDC put a temporarily pause on allowing the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine to be given to people while they investigated a rare side effect in some who had received that vaccine. Learn more about pausing and resuming the J& J vaccine.
A small number of people developed a serious blood clot condition called thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome, or TTS, after they received the J& J vaccine. TTS causes blood clots with low levels of blood platelets. Although very rare and treatable when diagnosed in time, TTS is serious.
Nearly all reports of TTS have been in adult women younger than age 50. After reviewing the data, the FDA determined that the J& J vaccines known and potential benefits outweigh its known and potential risks, and administration of the J& J COVID vaccine was allowed to continue.
However, women younger than age 50 should be aware of this rare adverse event and should know that other COVID-19 vaccines are available.
For three weeks after receiving the J& J vaccine, you should watch for possible symptoms of TTS and get medical help immediately if you have any of these symptoms:
- Severe or persistent headaches or blurred vision
- Shortness of breath
- Easy bruising or tiny blood spots under the skin near the injection site
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Diarrhea Was Only Reported As A Side Effect Among Those Who Got The Pfizer Vaccine
While other gastrointestinal side effects were reported among those who got the Moderna and Johnson & Johnson vaccines, neither had significant reports of diarrhea following inoculation. However, diarrhea was one of the top 10 most common side effects reported among those who got the Pfizer vaccine. According to The Guardian, 11.1 percent of people reported diarrhea after their first dose from Pfizer, and 10.4 percent reported the side effect after their second shot. And if you feel totally fine after you get vaccinated, check out This Is What It Means If You Have No Vaccine Side Effects, Doctors Say.
Our Covid Vaccine Experience During The Past Six Months
By the time the Pfizer and Moderna COVID vaccines were approved for emergency use in the United States in December 2020, “we already knew the short-term side effects very well from the efficacy studies,” Goepfert said. Pfizer and Moderna and later Johnson & Johnson and then Novavax, which reported on its Phase III trial results in June 2021 “all have enrolled 30,000-plus individuals, half of whom got the vaccine and half of whom got a placebo initially, after which all the placebo group got the vaccine,” Goepfert said.
The side effects seen in these studies, and again in the nationwide rollouts that began in December 2020, “were tolerability issues,” Goepfert said: “mainly things like arm pain and fatigue and headache. They are very transient and occur a day or two days after the vaccine” and then resolve quickly.
As of June 12, 2021, more than 2.33 billion COVID vaccine doses have been administered worldwide, according to the New York Times vaccinations tracker.
Between December and June, “we have seen the more-rare things that you don’t find until you start giving the vaccines to millions of people, the side effects that occur in about one in 100,000 or one in a million people,” Goepfert said.
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Helpful Tips To Relieve Side Effects
Talk to a doctor about taking over-the-counter medicine, such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, aspirin , or antihistamines for any pain and discomfort experienced after getting vaccinated.
People can take these medications to relieve side effects after vaccination if they have no other medical reasons that prevent them from taking these medications normally. Ask your childs healthcare provider for advice on using a non-aspirin pain reliever and other steps you can take at home to comfort your child after vaccination.
It is not recommended to take these medicines before vaccination for the purpose of trying to prevent side effects.
Very Rare And Serious Side
In very rare cases, more serious side-effects may also occur. These symptoms are very uncommon. In the context of the AstraZeneca and Janssen vaccines, this can involve a combination of blood clots with low levels of blood platelets . This side-effect is referred to as thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome .
Since the risk of this rare side-effect is very low, these vaccines are deployed for some specific groups. The AstraZeneca vaccine is only given to people born in 1960 or before. The Health Council of the Netherlands advised using the Janssen vaccine in situations in which the advantage of a single vaccination is very significant.
It is important to contact medical professionals immediately if you develop these symptoms after vaccination with Janssen or AstraZeneca:
- shortness of breath
- pain in the chest or abdomen
- swelling or a cold feeling in an arm or leg
- severe or worsening headache or blurred vision
- persistent bruising
- multiple tiny blood spots: red or purple dots or blisters under the skin.
If these symptoms do occur, they are usually seen within three weeks after vaccination.
More information is available on the page about AstraZeneca side-effects. The website of the Dutch Medicines Agency also offers more information about AstraZeneca and .
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Serious Adverse Cases Reported
CARM and Medsafe investigate reports of significant adverse events, including those with a fatal outcome.
The aim of the investigation is for CARM and Medsafe to determine the likelihood the vaccine caused the reported events.
For significant cases, including deaths, the COVID-19 Independent Safety Monitoring Board review the information supplied during the investigation and provide their view on the likely relationship of the reported events to vaccination.
Causes of death are investigated and determined by the coroner not by CARM or Medsafe.
Can A Patient Be Referred To A Specialist Immunisation Clinic After Experiencing An Aefi
The Victorian Specialist Immunisation Services will provide specialist vaccination services for people who have experienced an AEFI with a COVID-19 vaccine, or those who are identified as at risk of an AEFI. Most people are able to proceed with future vaccines following an AEFI. Clinical consults will be offered in which individual recommendations will be developed. VicSIS clinics also have the ability to vaccinate under extended observation.
More information on VicSIS, including how to refer patients, can be found via MVEC: Victorian Specialist Immunisation Services .
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Common Side Effects Of The Pfizer Vaccine
Like all medicines, you might experience some mild side effects 12 days after getting your vaccination. This is common, and a sign that your body is learning to fight the virus.Most side effects do not last long, and will not stop you from having a second dose or going about your daily life. Some side effects may temporarily affect your ability to drive or use machinery.
Side effects are reported to the Centre for Adverse Reactions Monitoring and Medsafe closely monitors and releases safety reports showing this data.
The top 10 reported side effects of the Pfizer vaccine in New Zealand are:
|
Side effect |
Do People Who Have Previously Had Covid
Yes, that can be true. Many people who had previous infections have stronger side effects after the first dose . On the other hand, people who have not previously been exposed to the virus more typically have stronger side effects after their second vaccine dose.
While people who knew they already had COVID-19 were not allowed in the clinical trials, all volunteers had baseline tests for antibodies in their blood. Some volunteers already had antibodies to COVID-19, meaning they had previously been exposed and probably had asymptomatic infections.
When these people received vaccines, they tended to have stronger reactions, such as fever, to the first dose.
Their bodies had seen the spike protein before and had developed some immune response. When their immune system sees it again in the vaccine, the memory kicks in and drives up the immune response, just like it does after the second dose for people who havent been infected previously, Campbell said.
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